Is golf still booming? Rounds played in U.S. up again for June but down for the year vs. COVID surge

Is golf still booming? Check the weather.

Is golf still booming? Are more people playing in the wake of now years-old COVID-19 gains for the game? How’s the weather? All relevant questions as the golf industry tries to maintain a furious rally in annual rounds played in 2020 and ’21.

The latest: Golf Datatech and the National Golf Foundation reported this week that rounds played in June were up 2.7 percent versus the same month in 2021. But that gain was on the heels of monthly declines in four of the previous five months. For the year, 2022 trails 2021 in rounds played by 5.7 percent, the industry-monitoring Golf Datatech reported.

The weather plays a considerable role, making it difficult for industry trackers to discern if declines in rounds played are because golfers who flocked to courses during the worst of the COVID pandemic have now found other things to do as health restrictions have almost entirely eased.

Industry analyst Pelucid Corp. tracks the days around the country on which weather conditions are favorable for golf, and it has reported a 9-percent decline nationwide in playable hours in 2022. The dip in rounds played, at least in part, might be because of winter weather that stretched well into spring in many areas followed by incredible heat waves and storms through much of the summer.

This all comes after some of the most dramatic increases in rounds played in history. The total number of rounds played in 2020 surged 13.9 percent versus 2019 as the pandemic shut down many alternative entertainment and exercise options. Rounds played increased again in 2021, rising 5.5 percent as the popularity of golf continued.

[mm-video type=playlist id=01es6rjnsp3c84zkm6 player_id=01evcfxp4q8949fs1e image=https://golfweek.usatoday.com/wp-content/plugins/mm-video/images/playlist-icon.png]

Is golf’s boom slipping? NGF reports number of rounds played have dipped, with weather largely to blame

Is golf’s boom chilling? Yes, and crummy winter weather is largely to blame as rounds have decreased year over year.

If you’ve recently tried at the last minute to book a weekend round of golf just about anywhere in the U.S. – especially if the weather was nice – you know how packed many courses are. Golf has boomed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, and wise players have learned to schedule early.

But will the boom continue?

That question has been front and center on the minds of many course operators and industry insiders, and recent numbers provided by industry tracker Golf Datatech and the National Golf Foundation haven’t been entirely definitive on the recreational game’s trajectory. There are many factors to consider, with weather likely chief among them. But based solely on the number of rounds played, the sport in the U.S. is in decline compared to the boom years of 2020 and ’21.

Golf Datatech this week reported that rounds played in April 2022 in the U.S. slipped almost 13 percent versus the same period in 2021. That follows a 14.3-percent decline in rounds played in March 2022 versus the same month in 2021. Golf Datatech reports that total rounds played in 2022 in the U.S. have dipped 9.8 percent through April versus the same four-month period in 2021.

As golfers frequently love to do, you might be able to blame the frequently crummy weather more than a drop in interest.

The NGF reports that golf industry analyst company Pellucid Corp. says bad weather has been a major factor in the decline in rounds played. Pellucid reported that so far in 2022, playable hours dropped 14 percent. Pellucid uses detailed weather data from across the U.S. to determine playable hours, and its research showed that extreme cold, rain and snow kept players off the courses in many regions more frequently than in recent years.

And because fewer total rounds are played annually in the first several months of each year because of winter, especially in northern climates, the recent dip in rounds played likely will have only a small effect on total rounds played for the year. If the weather is better this summer, the game appears to be in good shape to continue its rebound – that assessment is based on the fact that club and golf ball sales have climbed 14 percent versus the same period in 2021.

So apparently there are plenty of players who have been stuck at home waiting for the weather to clear so they can use all those new clubs and balls. Our advice: Book early.

This all comes on the heels of some of the most dramatic increases in rounds played in history. The total number of rounds played in 2020 surged 13.9 percent versus 2019 as the pandemic shut down many alternative entertainment and exercise options. Rounds played increased again in 2021, rising 5.5 percent as the popularity of golf continued.

Are those kinds of numbers sustainable? Time will tell. But in the meantime, keep an eye on the weather and your favorite online tee time booking site.

[listicle id=778269723]

[mm-video type=playlist id=01es6rjnsp3c84zkm6 player_id=none image=https://golfweek.usatoday.com/wp-content/plugins/mm-video/images/playlist-icon.png]

Golf Datatech: Rounds played and retail sales soared in 2020

The number of rounds of golf played in the United States in 2020 climbed 13.9 percent as people flocked to courses to escape COVID pandemic.

Consider this more evidence that you should book your tee times early: Golf Datatech reported Monday that total rounds of golf played in the United States in 2020 were up 13.9 percent over 2019, largely due to golfers seeking recreational opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

That annual increase in rounds set a record for percentage increase since Golf Datatech started tracking rounds played in 1998. The previous record had been a 5.7-percent surge in rounds played in 2012.

Retail sales of golf equipment also surged in 2020, Golf Datatech reported, with $2.81 billion in revenue. That was a 10.1 percent increase over 2019. It gave 2020 the third-highest annual total since Golf Datatech began tracking the industry, trailing only $2.91 billion in 2008 and $2.87 billion in 2007.

“While the global pandemic wreaked havoc on many segments of our economy, the golf industry experienced a significant boost in rounds played and equipment sales,” John Krzynowek, a partner at Golf Datatech, said in a release announcing the surge in rounds played. “On the equipment side, sales increased by low single digits in both 2018 and 2019, but the double-digit gains in 2020 can only be attributed to the pandemic and golf being a respite for so many.”

[listicle id=778057023]

Those year-long gains happened despite golf being shut down in many states as the pandemic took hold of the nation in March and April. Rounds played in March fell 8.5 percent versus the same period of 2019, and rounds in April were down 42.2 percent, based on reports by Golf Datatech and the National Golf Foundation.

Then came the surge, as golf was recognized as a relatively safe escape during the pandemic. Rounds played were up 6.2 percent in May of 2020 versus May of 2019, followed by gains of 13.9 percent in June, 19.7 percent in July, 20.6 percent in August, 25.5 percent in September, 32.2 percent in October and 57.5 percent in November. Information for December was released Monday, with rounds played for the month up 37 percent over December of 2019, which no doubt was helped by good weather in winter golf settings such as Florida, Arizona and California.

“Golf Datatech started collecting and projecting monthly rounds-played data in January 1998 and has been the industry’s exclusive monthly metric since that time,” Krzynowek said. “We’ve never seen an annual increase remotely close to this, as the previous record increase occurred in 2012, a year when we had nearly perfect weather across much of the United States and rounds played grew by 5.7 percent. While there is no doubt that the pandemic provided a positive jolt of energy to the golf business in 2020, a warmer and drier climate across broad swaths of the U.S. also generated more potential tee times, which the golf community passionately consumed…and continued to ask for more.”

Increases in rounds played varied greatly by region. The area defined as West North Central by Golf Datatech – Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota and North Dakota – saw a 23.1-percent increase in rounds played in 2020 over 2019. That compares to only a 4.8-percent annual rise – the smallest of any region in the U.S. – in the Pacific Region of California, Oregon and Washington.

It’s important to note that gains aren’t spread evenly across the industry. Some resorts that rely on air travel have been hit particularly hard in the wake of the pandemic as golfers choose to drive to more local and regional destinations. And the percentage increases in rounds played don’t necessarily mean equal increase in revenue, as many clubs have lost income tied to food and beverage as well as events such as weddings.

On the retail side, as well, gains were not even across categories. While revenue for clubs, balls and other hard goods soared, with many equipment makers struggling to fill demand as inventories dwindled, some soft goods categories lagged in sales.

For example, Golf Datatech reported that sales of apparel dropped 14.2 percent in 2020 versus 2019, largely because access to green-grass pro shops was limited by the pandemic and more public-access golfers were booking rounds online. The loss of rounds played at resorts that rely on air travel also diminished total apparel sales, as fewer players were onsite to purchase logo merchandise. Meanwhile, online sales of apparel rose, and despite the overall annual drop, the last two months of 2020 saw an 11 percent increase in apparel sales versus the same period in 2019.

Across the board, Golf Datatech reported that total consumer demand across the golf industry as measured by dollars spent increased 3.2 percent versus 2019.

“Given the state of the golf economy in late spring, anything in positive territory had to be considered a big win,” Krzynowek said, “and December data continues to impress and suggest the business may still have room to run in early 2021. …

“Golf has fared better than many other U.S. industries during the pandemic, as on-course and off-course facilities effectively adapted their operations to accommodate customers while adhering to CDC, local and national health departments guidelines. Overall, the golf industry can be proud of how it has handled the adversity brought on by the pandemic thus far but must always be aware that until a vaccine is distributed, and broad-based immunity is present, we must all continue to be on guard.”

[lawrence-related id=778071575,778029859]

Golf has surged in 2020, but nothing beats the ‘Tiger Effect’

Rounds played in the U.S. this year are estimated by the NGF to climb 50 million higher than in 2019, with October seeing the largest surge

The number of rounds of golf played late in 2020 have seen enormous surges versus 2019 as all kinds of golfers – from novices to past enthusiasts reentering the sport – have sought escape from the coronavirus pandemic. But that doesn’t mean 2020 will set the growth record.

Turns out, even this year’s flood of golfers can’t beat Tiger Woods in his youth.

The National Golf Foundation and Golf Datatech, both industry observers tracking rounds played and trends, estimate in a report released this week that 2020 will end with about a 12-percent increase in rounds played in the United States over 2019’s total round played. That equates to 50 million more rounds played in 2020, the second-highest increase of any year reported.

The highest? That would be 1997, when Woods grabbed international fame with his record-breaking Masters title at the age of 21.

The U.S. saw a jump in rounds played of 63 million in 1997 over 1996, according to Golf Datatech. That year spawned what became known as the “Tiger Effect” as players flocked to the game in the wake of Woods’ inspirational April performance.

Tiger Woods
Tiger Woods celebrates after sinking a 4-foot putt to win the 1997 Masters with a record-low score of 18 under. He became the youngest winner at 21 years, 3 months and 14 days old. (Photo by Stephen Munday/Allsport/Getty Images)

Not that 2020 has been anything to scoff at, considering the pandemic and the fact that many courses – and the sport in entire states – were shut down for much of the spring and early summer as coronavirus cases first surged.

Since June, not only have rounds played increased each month versus the same periods in 2019, the rate of increase has climbed significantly. In October 2020, rounds played in the U.S. were up 32.2 percent over the same month in 2019. That followed increases of approximately 14 percent in June, 20 percent in July, 21 percent in August and 26 percent in September.

U.S. golf courses had lost approximately 20 million rounds as courses were closed in the spring, according to Golf Datatech, which at the start of May put total rounds played in a 16-percent hole compared to the same period of 2019. But the increases since June have resulted in an increase of 50 million rounds year to date. October 2020 alone saw an increase of 11 million rounds over October 2019.

There are other factors besides the pandemic. Good weather certainly has played a role. But the NGF reported that typical fluctuations in rounds played in the U.S. have averaged less than 5 percent per year for more than 20 years, so golf’s position as a relatively safe recreational activity during the pandemic appears to have played the starring role in 2020’s surge.

Despite all the good news, there is still uncertainty about any long-term gains. A large portion of the surge in rounds played has been by juniors and novices, and it is yet to be seen if those players will continue in golf for years to come or if capture rates will decrease. The NGF also points out that not all business segments are equally enjoying the “V-shaped” recovery and boom in rounds played. For example, resorts that require travel, especially air travel, have not seen the same spikes as locally favored destinations.

And while rounds played at private clubs have soared, that doesn’t necessarily equate to increases in revenues. Dues typically have remained static for existing members, so basically the average cost per round has dropped at many private clubs while maintenance requirements have increased. Meanwhile, food and beverage revenue has dropped for many clubs because players are reluctant to linger in a clubhouse after a round.

Still, all things considered in what has been a terrible year for so many, golf as a whole has proved to be a silver lining as the pandemic continues to storm.

[lawrence-related id=778071575,778068205]

Golf is booming, as NGF reports September gain of 25.5 percent in rounds played

If you have trouble finding a tee time, know it’s because rounds played in the U.S. are soaring as the coronavirus pandemic lingers.

Golf as a recreational sport is skyrocketing in the United States during the pandemic, as players across the country look to escape in the outdoors as the coronavirus pandemic rolls on.

For the fifth month in a row, rounds played in the U.S. have climbed past their monthly totals from 2019, according to a report from the National Golf Foundation and Golf Datatech.

In September, rounds played were up 25.5 percent over the same period in 2019. That represents an increase of about 12 million rounds just for that month.

That increase came on the heels of steady climb in which May saw a 6.2 percent increase over May 2019, June was up 13.9 percent, July was up 19.7 percent and August soared 20.6 percent. Those gains followed decreases of 8.5 percent in March 2020 versus March 2019 and 16 percent in April, as many courses were closed in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Every state in the U.S. saw at least a 2 percent gain in September, the third straight month for such widespread gains.

Before the pandemic, January (11 percent) and February (19.1 percent) also had seen gains over 2019. For the year through September, rounds played in the U.S. were up 8.7 percent over the same nine-month period of 2019, despite the depressed months of March and April.

The NGF cautiously projects that total rounds for 2020 could be up as much as 15 percent over 2019, but the organization also points out that the increases in rounds haven’t benefitted all courses equally. The “V-shaped” recovery has been a lifesaver for many local daily fee and private facilities, but many resorts – especially those to which players typically fly – have not seen such as boost as travel overall has diminished during the pandemic.

The NGF also reported that decreases in rain have helped, as good fall weather in many states has boosted rounds played.

Golf gear is hot, too

It’s all in keeping with a Golf Datatech report that golf equipment is flying off the shelves.

The market research company said total sales for July, August and September topped $1 billion, the first time the U.S. market has achieved that height in the third quarter.

It marked a nearly 32 percent jump over the same period in 2019, and it also made that three-month period the second highest quarter in sales ever, trailing only the second quarter of 2008, which logged $1.013 billion in equipment sales.

[jwplayer 7NBaZ2A0-vgFm21H3]

NGF: Golf participation is booming as coronavirus lingers

NGF and Golf Datatech report that rounds in the U.S. were up 20.6 percent in August versus August 2019, and equipment sales also soared.

Golf participation is booming, and total rounds played this year in the United States are on pace to be as much as 10 percent higher than in 2019. Those extra rounds have been a boon for course operators and, in the past two months at least, equipment companies as a whole.

Recent surges in rounds played are in despite of – and largely because of, at the same time – the coronavirus pandemic. While COVID-19 has shut down many other recreational activities, especially indoors, players of all levels have flocked to golf courses.

The National Golf Foundation and Golf Datatech released a report last week that said rounds played in August in the U.S. were up 20.6 percent over 2019. That was roughly 10 million more rounds played in August 2020 than in August 2019. The report said that was the largest year-over-year monthly increase since Golf Datatech began tracking rounds two decades ago.

[jwplayer DtAW8Hge-9JtFt04J]

All that comes on the heels of year-over-year increases of 19.7 percent in July, 13.9 percent in June and 6.2 percent in May. That was after more than half the courses in the U.S. were shut down in parts of March and April because of the pandemic or seasonality – rounds played in April 2020 were down 42.2 percent versus April 2019.

The report said each state saw an increase of at least 2 percent in August year over year. Texas had the largest increase at 39 percent, followed by Florida with a 37-percent jump and Arizona with a 31-percent increase.

Sure, it was hot in August, but apparently that wasn’t enough to keep people off the courses in some of the game’s largest and warmest markets. And as fall weather cools in such hotspots, rounds played should be expected to continue to outpace 2019.

That could add up to an 8-percent to 10-percent increase in total rounds versus the 441 million rounds played in 2019 in the U.S.

A substantial amount of those increased rounds has been by children. NGF research shows the number of golfers ages 6 to 17 could rise by as much as 20 percent this year, with the increases occurring since pandemic lockdowns began. Approximately 2.5 million kids teed it up in 2019, so 2020’s increases could mean half a million more juniors giving the sport a try.

With all these rounds requiring golf equipment, that industry is on a months-long run despite the pandemic. The NGF and Golf Datatech reported golf retail spiked 32 percent in August 2020 above the same period in 2019, reaching $331 million. The previous record for August had been $287 million in 2006 before the market crash that reversed years of golf’s growth.

August’s robust retail numbers followed $389 million in sales in July, which was the highest for any month Golf Datatech has ever tracked.

The report went on to say records were set in five equipment categories: balls, irons, wedges, gloves and golf bags, which were the best performing category with a 55 percent jump over 2019.

But overall, golf retail sales are still down 4.1 percent this year versus 2019 because of huge retail and supply chain shutdowns in March, April and May. Those three months typically account for almost 40 percent of annual shipments, Golf Datatech reported, and the loss of sales in those months has proved to be a giant hurdle in annual comparisons.

Hawaii golf: Ko’olau Golf Course closing in wake of coronavirus pandemic

Hawaii has been hit hard by travel restrictions, but overall, golf is booming in the U.S. as rounds played in August were up 20.6 percent.

Ko’olau Golf Course in Kaneohe, Hawaii, will shut its doors Wednesday, the Honolulu Star Advertiser reported.

The 18-hole course on the island of O’ahu sits on land owned by the first Presbyterian Church of Honolulu, the report said, and the club decided to terminate its lease early after business dropped during the coronavirus pandemic. The 7,310-yard course was designed by Dick Nugent and opened in 1992.

Hawaii has largely shut down to tourists, who since March 26 have had to quarantine for 14 days upon arrival. There also are several inter-island travel restrictions for residents. Things will loosen up a bit for travelers starting Oct. 15, when a negative COVID-19 test will allow mainland tourists to skip the quarantine.

Golf courses in Hawaii were closed by order in April and re-opened in May, but another local stay-at-home ordinance by Honolulu Mayor Kirk Caldwell followed briefly in August that kept courses closed.

In a separate story, the Star Advertiser reported that rounds played had increased at many local courses in June year over year, but not all courses.

For the United States as a whole, golf has been booming in recent months despite the pandemic, as many players look for any chance to spend time outside and waves of new golfers have tried the sport. The National Golf Foundation and Golf Datatech reported that rounds played in the U.S. in August were up 20.6 percent over 2019.

Those organizations reported that total rounds played in the U.S. in 2020 could be as much as 10 percent higher than in 2019 despite many states shutting down courses early during the pandemic.

[jwplayer DtAW8Hge-9JtFt04J]

[lawrence-related id=778068138,778067906]

Hawaii golf: Ko’olau Golf Course closing in wake of coronavirus pandemic

Hawaii has been hit hard by travel restrictions, but overall, golf is booming in the U.S. as rounds played in August were up 20.6 percent.

Ko’olau Golf Course in Kaneohe, Hawaii, will shut its doors Wednesday, the Honolulu Star Advertiser reported.

The 18-hole course on the island of O’ahu sits on land owned by the first Presbyterian Church of Honolulu, the report said, and the club decided to terminate its lease early after business dropped during the coronavirus pandemic. The 7,310-yard course was designed by Dick Nugent and opened in 1992.

Hawaii has largely shut down to tourists, who since March 26 have had to quarantine for 14 days upon arrival. There also are several inter-island travel restrictions for residents. Things will loosen up a bit for travelers starting Oct. 15, when a negative COVID-19 test will allow mainland tourists to skip the quarantine.

Golf courses in Hawaii were closed by order in April and re-opened in May, but another local stay-at-home ordinance by Honolulu Mayor Kirk Caldwell followed briefly in August that kept courses closed.

In a separate story, the Star Advertiser reported that rounds played had increased at many local courses in June year over year, but not all courses.

For the United States as a whole, golf has been booming in recent months despite the pandemic, as many players look for any chance to spend time outside and waves of new golfers have tried the sport. The National Golf Foundation and Golf Datatech reported that rounds played in the U.S. in August were up 20.6 percent over 2019.

Those organizations reported that total rounds played in the U.S. in 2020 could be as much as 10 percent higher than in 2019 despite many states shutting down courses early during the pandemic.

[jwplayer DtAW8Hge-9JtFt04J]

[lawrence-related id=778068138,778067906]

Massachusetts allows its courses to reopen, the last state to announce golf may resume

Massachusetts allows golf courses to reopen in wake of coronavirus, the last state to announce golf’s reopening.

Massachusetts governor Charlie Baker reopened his state for golf Thursday, effective immediately, making the Commonwealth the last state to announce when the sport could be resumed in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic.

Maryland and Vermont had been the most recent holdouts to announce the reopening of their courses. Both those states’ courses also were allowed to reopen Thursday, according to the National Golf Foundation. New Hampshire beat each of those to the announcement this week, allowing its courses to reopen May 11, making it the last to have it courses closed despite the earlier announcement.

Alaska is still closed due to seasonality, and some courses are still closed because of municipal or county mandate. Across the country, 79 percent of golf courses in the United States were open as of May 3, according to a National Golf Foundation update. That’s up from 58 percent the week before.

The latest NGF data shows that 66 percent of municipal courses, 83 percent of public daily-fee courses and 77 percent of private courses were open as of May 3.

Many top resorts have announced their reopening dates as well, and off-course retail golf shops in several states have started allowing customers into the stores as governors have loosened stay-at-home orders.

On Tuesday, golf industry leaders announced a set of guidelines that could help courses reopen safely as part of the new Back2Golf initiative that includes the PGA of America, the U.S. Golf Association and the PGA Tour, among others. The guidelines were developed in cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Massachusetts laid out many rules for its golfers as they return to the course, as reported by massgolf.com:

  • Security personnel can be delineated by each club (example: a pro and the head starter) and will be present to enforce social distancing. There can be no other employees working at the recreational component of the golf operation.
  • All staff must wear face coverings while on property.
  • Course facilities including but not limited to the clubhouse, golf shop, restaurant, bag room and locker room must remain closed.
  • No caddies allowed.
  • No golf carts allowed.
  • Push carts may be used. Players must either carry their own bag or use a push cart.
  • All golfers must maintain proper social distancing of at least 6 feet at all times.
  • Groups of players are restricted to no more than four players at one time.
  • Members-only clubs can allow guests as determined by the security personnel on the golf course.
  • Private clubs that allow non-members to make reservations can do so at their discretion.
  • Maintenance personnel are permitted to work on the golf course.
  • Tee time policy must be 15 minutes between groups.
  • Golfers must stay in their car until 15 minutes before their tee time and must return to their car immediately following play.
  • Online and remote payment options must be utilized.
  • All golfers must use their own golf clubs. Sharing golf clubs or rental golf clubs is not allowed.
  • Flagsticks must remain in the hole. Hole liners must be raised so picking a ball out of the hole doesn’t occur.
  • Bunker rakes must be removed, and ball washers must be removed or covered.
  • Practice putting green, driving range and chipping areas must be closed.
  • Facilities must have readily accessible hand sanitizer.

[lawrence-related id=778043253,778043193,778043144,778042865]

Massachusetts the last state to keep its golf courses closed

After Vermont and Maryland announce plans to reopen courses, Massachusetts remains the only state closed to golf because of coronavirus

Massachusetts is the last state to have neither opened its golf courses nor announced when they can open after governors in Maryland and Vermont said that courses in their states will be allowed to resume play Thursday.

The governors of Maryland and Vermont made their announcements Wednesday, following on the heels of several other states to recently announce when golf could open in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic. Washington allowed the game to resume Tuesday, and New Hampshire’s courses are allowed to reopen May 11. Alaska remains closed because of seasonality.

Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker has ordered non-essential business to remain closed until at least May 18. When asked specifically about golf courses Wednesday, the governor said he wouldn’t speak about hypotheticals, according to masslive.com.

Despite being shut down, the sport is receiving plenty of attention in Massachusetts. The owner of two courses has vowed to open her clubs this week despite Baker’s mandate, and another course – International Golf Club & Resort in Bolton – filed for bankruptcy this week.

Across the country, 79 percent of golf courses in the United States were open as of May 3, according to a National Golf Foundation update. That’s up from 58 percent the week before. The latest NGF data shows that 66 percent of municipal courses, 83 percent of public daily-fee courses and 77 percent of private courses were open as of May 3.

Just because most governors have allowed the game to resume or never shuttered the sport during the pandemic, not all courses have reopened in those states. Some are still closed to seasonality, and others are shut down by municipal or county mandates.

Many top resorts have announced their reopening dates as well, and off-course retail golf shops in several states have started allowing customers into the stores as governors have loosened stay-at-home orders.

On Tuesday, golf industry leaders announced a set of guidelines that could help courses reopen safely as part of the new Back2Golf initiative that includes the PGA of America, the U.S. Golf Association and the PGA Tour, among others. The guidelines were developed in cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

[lawrence-related id=778043229,778043193,778043144]